Opis: Methods of Non-Alpha-Amino Acid Synthesis - Michael Bryant Smith

Although less common than alpha-amino acids, non-alpha-amino acids-where the amino group is not on the carbon immediately adjacent to the carboxyl group but is attached to another carbon in the chain (for example, the beta, gamma, delta carbon)-are components of biologically important molecules, are significant in the pharmaceutical industry, and are useful starting materials for many areas of organic chemistry. Since the publication of the first edition of this book nearly 20 years ago, synthetic work devoted to the preparation of non- alpha-amino acids has expanded greatly. Methods of Non-alpha-Amino Acid Synthesis, Second Edition has been extensively rewritten and reorganized, providing an up-to-date review of strategies and methods for non-alpha-amino acid synthesis, particularly those amino acids that are key synthetic intermediates or important compounds in their own right. It focuses on acyclic amino acids of C3-C10, but also aminoalkanoic carboxylic acids, aminoalkenoic acids, and aminoalkynoic acids. The new edition contains many updated references and has a greater emphasis on the biological importance of non-alpha-amino acids. In addition to an array of synthetic methods, the book offers discussions on why non-alpha-amino acids are important. The book covers synthetic methods that rely on substituent refunctionalization, the conversion of cyclic precursors to acyclic amino acids, conjugate addition reactions, and enolate anion reactions and condensation reactions that lead to non-alpha-amino acids. It also examines reactions and strategies that lead to good diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity during synthesis. A chapter devoted to biologically important amino acids includes separate sections on GABA, GABOB, carnitine, DAVA, statine, and other significant amino acids as well as a new section on peptides and proteins that contain non-alpha-amino acids. The final chapter addresses aminocyclic and heterocyclic amino acids.Functional Group Exchanges Reactions with Ammonia, Amines, or Amine Surrogates Conversion of Carbonyl Compounds to Amines Refunctionalization to Generate Carboxyl Groups Refunctionalization of Amino Acids Specialized Methods Cyclic Precursors From Lactams or Imides From Ketones From Lactones and Anhydrides From Heterocycles Diels-Alder Strategies Conjugate Addition Reactions Ammonia and Amine Nucleophiles Carbon Nucleophiles Enolate Anion and Related Reactions Acid, Ester, and Malonate Enolate Anion Reactions Nitrile Enolate Anions Nitroalkane Enolate Anions Mukaiyama Type Condensations Condensation Reactions Involving Organozinc Intermediates Ylid Reactions Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Syntheses alpha-Amino Acid Templates Non-alpha-Amino Acid Templates Synthesis From Other Starting Materials Transformations Using Carbohydrates as Chiral Templates Enzymatic Transformations Biologically Important Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins beta-Alanine and Aminopropanoic Acid Compounds GABA and Related Compounds GABOB and Carnitine DAVA (Ava) and Ahx Statine and Related Compounds Other Biologically Important Amino Acid Derivatives Non-alpha-Amino Acids in Catalysis Aminocyclic and Heterocyclic Amino Acids Aminocycloalkylcarboxylic Acids From Cyclic Precursors From Aromatic Precursors From Cyclic Ketones Cycloaddition Strategies Heteroatom Cyclic Amino Acids Index

Szczegóły: Methods of Non-Alpha-Amino Acid Synthesis - Michael Bryant Smith

Tytuł: Methods of Non-Alpha-Amino Acid Synthesis
Autor: Michael Bryant Smith
Producent: CRC Press Inc.
ISBN: 9781466577893
Rok produkcji: 2013
Ilość stron: 242
Oprawa: Twarda
Waga: 0.48 kg

Recenzje: Methods of Non-Alpha-Amino Acid Synthesis - Michael Bryant Smith