Opis: Dynamical Models in Medicine - Steffen Eikenberry, John Nagy, Yang Kuang

Introduction to Mathematical Oncology presents biologically well-motivated and mathematically tractable models that facilitate both a deep understanding of cancer biology and better cancer treatment designs. It covers the medical and biological background of the diseases, modeling issues, and existing methods and their limitations. The authors introduce mathematical and programming tools, along with analytical and numerical studies of the models. They also develop new mathematical tools and look to future improvements on dynamical models. After introducing the general theory of medicine and exploring how mathematics can be essential in its understanding, the text describes well-known, practical, and insightful mathematical models of avascular tumor growth and mathematically tractable treatment models based on ordinary differential equations. It continues the topic of avascular tumor growth in the context of partial differential equation models by incorporating the spatial structure and physiological structure, such as cell size. The book then focuses on the recent active multi-scale modeling efforts on prostate cancer growth and treatment dynamics. It also examines more mechanistically formulated models, including cell quota-based population growth models, with applications to real tumors and validation using clinical data. The remainder of the text presents abundant additional historical, biological, and medical background materials for advanced and specific treatment modeling efforts. Extensively classroom-tested in undergraduate and graduate courses, this self-contained book allows instructors to emphasize specific topics relevant to clinical cancer biology and treatment. It can be used in a variety of ways, including a single-semester undergraduate course, a more ambitious graduate course, or a full-year sequence on mathematical oncology. "Introduction to Mathematical Oncology is both timely and unique. It is rich with a broad range of examples and important historical contexts. There is a clear sense of the importance of integrating rigorous mathematical analysis with numerical simulations. This book will be an important addition to the libraries of faculty and students who are interested in teaching and/or learning critical techniques for mathematical modeling of cancer dynamics." -Trachette L. Jackson, Professor of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA "This is a very interesting and well-written book ... The book chapters cover a wide range of topics related to cancer dynamics and treatments focusing on chemotherapy and radiotherapy as the most traditional and commonly used procedures. Various types of cancer are discussed from the point of view of their growth, progression, and treatment with a special emphasis on prostate cancer, an area where the authors have made significant research contributions. All the topics covered are presented in an easily accessible way, starting with the most elementary introduction to the problems and leading all the way to the discussion of new trends and challenges concerning the subject. In all presentations, a nice balance between mathematics and biology is kept, a very welcome feature facilitated by the mixed background of the authors. The book is suitable as a textbook for both undergraduate and graduate courses ... . The material is presented in an interesting, sometimes even intriguing manner, and it is supported with valuable exercises, projects, and open questions allowing for hands-on experiences. Students can learn a fair amount of both biology and mathematics from this text and see how these two disciplines come together to shed light on understanding one of the biggest problems and challenges of our century: cancer." -Professor Urszula Ledzewicz, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, USA, and Lodz University of Technology, PolandIntroduction to Theory in Medicine Introduction Disease A brief survey of trends in health and disease The scientific basis of medicine Aspects of the medical art Key scientific concepts in mathematical medicine Pathology-where science and art meet Introduction to Cancer Modeling Introduction to cancer dynamics Historical roots Applications of Gompertz and von Bertalanffy models A more general approach Mechanistic insights from simple tumor models Sequencing of chemotherapeutic and surgical treatments Stability of steady states for ODEs Exercises Projects and open questions Spatially Structured Tumor Growth Introduction The simplest spatially structured tumor model Spheroid dynamics and equilibrium size Greenspan's seminal model Testing Greenspan's model Sharratt-Chaplain model for avascular tumor growth A model of in vitro glioblastoma growth Derivation of one dimensional balance equation Exercises Projects Physiologically Structured Tumor Growth Introduction Construction of the cell-size structured model No quiescence, some intuition Basic behavior of the model Exercises Prostate Cancer: PSA, AR, and ADT Dynamics Introduction Models of PSA kinetics Dynamical models Androgens and the evolution of prostate cancer Prostate growth mediated by androgens Evolution and selection for elevated AR expression Jackson ADT model The Ideta et al. ADT model Predictions and limitations of current ADT models An immunotherapy model for advanced prostate cancer Other prostate models Exercises Projects Resource Competition and Cell Quota in Cancer Models Introduction A cell-quota based population growth model From Droop cell-quota model to logistic equation Cell-quota models for prostate cancer hormone treatment Other cell-quota models for prostate cancer hormone treatment Stoichiometry and competition in cancer Mathematical analysis of a simplified KNE model Exercises Projects Natural History of Clinical Cancer Introduction Conceptual models for the natural history of breast cancer: Halsted vs. Fisher A simple model for breast cancer growth kinetics Metastatic spread and distant recurrence Tumor dormancy hypothesis The hormonal environment and cancer progression The natural history of breast cancer and screening protocols Cancer progression and incidence curves Exercises Evolutionary Ecology of Cancer Introduction Necrosis: What causes the tumor ecosystem to collapse? What causes cell diversity within malignant neoplasia? Synthesis: Competition, natural selection and necrosis Necrosis and the evolutionary dynamics of metastatic disease Conclusion Exercises Models of Chemotherapy Dose-response curves in chemotherapy Models for in vitro drug uptake and cytotoxicity Pharmacokinetics The Norton-Simon hypothesis and the Gompertz model Modeling the development of drug resistance Heterogeneous populations: the cell cycle Drug transport and the spatial tumor environment Exercises Major Anti-Cancer Chemotherapies Introduction Alkylating and alkalating-like agents Anti-tumor antibiotics Anti-metabolites Mitotic inhibitors Non-cytotoxic and targeted therapies Radiation Therapy Introduction Molecular mechanisms Classical target-hit theory Lethal DNA misrepair Saturable and enzymatic repair Kinetics of damage repair The LQ model and dose fractionation Applications Chemical Kinetics Introduction and the law of mass action Enzyme kinetics Quasi-steady-state approximation Enzyme inhibition Hemoglobin and the Hill equation Monod-Wyman-Changeux model Epilogue: Toward a Quantitative Theory of Oncology References appear at the end of each chapter.

Szczegóły: Dynamical Models in Medicine - Steffen Eikenberry, John Nagy, Yang Kuang

Tytuł: Dynamical Models in Medicine
Autor: Steffen Eikenberry, John Nagy, Yang Kuang
Producent: Chapman
ISBN: 9781584889908
Rok produkcji: 2016
Ilość stron: 488
Oprawa: Twarda
Waga: 0.88 kg

Recenzje: Dynamical Models in Medicine - Steffen Eikenberry, John Nagy, Yang Kuang