Opis: Applying the Building Code During Design - Ronald Geren

No other resource not even the building code presents the exact code information you need, when you need it at design stage The International Building Code (IBC) is a model building code developed by the International Code Council (ICC). The IBC and its complementary codes provide design and construction professionals with a complete set of comprehensive, coordinated building safety and fire prevention regulations in order to safeguard the public health and general welfare of the occupants of new and existing buildings and structures. Adopted throughout most of the United States and its territories, it is referenced by federal agencies, such as the General Services Administration, National Park Service, Department of State, U.S. Forest Service, and the Department of Defense. For architects and other design and construction professionals, it is particularly important that they understand how to apply the IBC and how code officials view buildings, so that they integrate code-required provisions in the earliest design stages of any project. Applying the IBC, as well as its companion codes, to building design is a process that is uniquely different to that of applying the building code during a planning review. Whereas other guide books explain the IBC in sequential order, from cover to cover, chapter by chapter, and section by section, Applying the Building Code explains the requirements of the IBC as they would apply during the common phases of design: from schematic design through to the preparation of construction documents. This effectively highlights applicable requirements of the building code at the appropriate stage of design based on available information. * The book provides a 28-step process that is organized according to the three phases of architectural design: schematic design, design development, and construction documents * Each step explains the application of the IBC, as well as other codes and standards referenced by the IBC (i.e. International Fire Code, International Energy Conservation Code, and ANSI A117.1 ) based on available project information * Illustrations and examples are provided throughout that explain the code fundamentals associated with each step * A single example project is used throughout the step-by-step process to illustrate how each step is applied and builds upon code and project information obtained through previous steps * Guidance is also provided on the International Existing Building Code and how the step-by-step process is applied to projects involving existing buildings * The role of the building department and its staff in regard to plan reviews and code enforcement is discussed * A detailed code data information template is provided that can help organize code-related information for construction documentsPreface xix About This Book xix How to Use This Book xix References xx Terminology xxi Example Project xxi Acknowledgments xxiii PART I Code Basics 1 BUILDING CODE ORGANIZATION 3 Other Codes and Regulations 4 Things to Look Out For 6 Know the Definitions 6 TYPES OF FIRE-RESISTIVE ASSEMBLIES AND CONSTRUCTION 8 Fire Walls (IBC Section 706) 9 Fire Barriers (IBC Section 707) 9 Fire Partitions (IBC Section 708) 10 Smoke Barriers (IBC Section 709) 10 Horizontal Assemblies (IBC Section 711) 10 Exterior Walls 11 Interior Bearing Walls 11 Structural Frame 11 TYPES OF AUTOMATIC FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS AND STANDPIPES 12 NFPA 13 (IBC Section 903.3.1.1) 13 NFPA 13R (IBC Section 903.3.1.2) 13 NFPA 13D (IBC Section 903.3.1.3) 14 ALTERNATIVEMATERIALS/METHODS ANDMODIFICATIONS 15 PART II Schematic Design 17 Step 1. DETERMINE APPLICABLE BUILDING CODE 19 1.1. Identifying the Authority Having Jurisdiction 19 1.2. Adopted Codes and Amendments 20 1.3. Code Alternates 20 Step 2. OBTAIN ESSENTIAL BUILDING DATA 21 2.1. Total Building Area 21 2.2. Number of Stories 22 2.2.1. Grade Plane 24 2.2.2. Mezzanines 25 2.3. Building Area per Story 25 2.4. Building Height in Feet 25 2.5. Type of Sprinkler System 26 2.6. Proposed Construction Materials 28 2.7. Climate Zone 28 2.8. Flood Hazard Area 28 Step 3. DETERMINE OCCUPANCY GROUP OR GROUPS 31 3.1. Introduction to Occupancy Groups 32 3.2. Assembly Group A (IBC Section 303) 32 3.3. Business Group B (IBC Section 304) 32 3.4. Educational Group E (IBC Section 305) 33 3.5. Factory Group F (IBC Section 306) 33 3.6. High-Hazard Group H (IBC Section 307) 33 3.7. Institutional Group I (IBC Section 308) 34 3.8. Mercantile Group M (IBC Section 309) 35 3.9. Residential Group R (IBC Section 310) 35 3.10. Storage Group S (IBC Section 311) 36 3.11. Utility and Miscellaneous Group U (IBC Section 312) 36 3.12. Incidental Uses (IBC Section 509) 36 Step 4. DETERMINE CONSTRUCTION TYPE BASED ON ANTICIPATED MATERIALS 39 4.1. Introduction to Construction Types 39 4.2. Type I Construction 40 4.3. Type II Construction 40 4.4. Type III Construction 41 4.5. Type IV Construction 41 4.6. Type V Construction 41 Step 5. DETERMINE HOWMIXED USES AND OCCUPANCIES WILL BE HANDLED 43 5.1. Introduction to Mixed Occupancies 43 5.2. Separated Occupancies 44 5.3. Nonseparated Occupancies 44 5.4. Accessory Occupancies 45 5.5. Combination of Options 45 5.6. Deciding Which Method to Use 47 Step 6. DETERMINE SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY IF APPLICABLE 50 6.1. Covered Mall and Open Mall Buildings (IBC Section 402) 51 6.2. High-Rise Buildings (IBC Section 403) 52 6.3. Atriums (IBC Section 404) 55 6.4. Underground Buildings (IBC Section 405) 56 6.5. Motor-Vehicle-Related Occupancies (IBC Section 406) 57 6.5.1. Private Garages and Carports (IBC Section 406.3) 57 6.5.2. Public Parking Garages (IBC Section 406.4) 57 6.5.2.1. Open Parking Garages (IBC Section 406.5) 58 6.5.2.2. Enclosed Parking Garages (IBC Section 406.6) 59 6.5.3. Motor Fuel-Dispensing Facilities (IBC Section 406.7) 60 6.5.4. Repair Garages (IBC Section 406.8) 60 6.6. Group I-2 (IBC Section 407) 61 6.7. Group I-3 (IBC Section 408) 61 6.8. Motion Picture Projection Rooms (IBC Section 409) 62 6.9. Stages, Platforms, and Technical Production Areas (IBC Section 410) 62 6.9.1. Stages (IBC Section 410.3) 62 6.9.2. Platforms (IBC Section 410.4) 63 6.10. Special Amusement Buildings (IBC Section 411) 63 6.11. Aircraft-Related Occupancies (IBC Section 412) 63 6.11.1. Airport Traffic Control Towers (IBC Section 412.3) 64 6.11.2. Aircraft Hangars (IBC Section 412.4) 64 6.11.3. Residential Aircraft Hangars (IBC Section 412.5) 65 6.11.4. Aircraft Paint Hangars (IBC Section 412.6) 65 6.11.5. Aircraft Manufacturing Facilities (IBC Section 412.7) 65 6.11.6. Heliports and Helistops (IBC Section 412.8) 65 6.12. Combustible Storage (IBC Section 413) 66 6.13. Hazardous Materials (IBC Section 414) 66 6.14. Groups H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, and H-5 (IBC Section 415) 67 6.15. Application of Flammable Finishes (IBC Section 416) 68 6.16. Drying Rooms (IBC Section 417) 69 6.17. Organic Coatings (IBC Section 418) 69 6.18. Live/Work Units (IBC Section 419) 69 6.19. Groups I-1, R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 (IBC Section 420) 70 6.20. Hydrogen Fuel Gas Rooms (IBC Section 421) 70 6.21. Ambulatory Care Facilities (IBC Section 422) 71 6.22. Storm Shelters (IBC Section 423) 71 6.23. Children s Play Structures (IBC Section 424) 71 6.24. Hyperbaric Facilities (IBC Section 425) 72 6.25. Combustible Dusts, Grain Processing, and Storage (IBC Section 426) 72 6.26. Special Construction 73 6.26.1. Membrane Structures (IBC Section 3102) 73 6.26.2. Pedestrian Walkways and Tunnels (IBC Section 3104) 74 Step 7. DETERMINE ALLOWABLE AREA AND HEIGHT 75 7.1. Introduction to Area and Height Requirements 75 7.2. Determining Allowable Height (IBC Section 504) 76 7.2.1. Allowable Height in Feet 76 7.2.2. Allowable Height in Stories 77 7.2.3. Allowable Height for Mixed Occupancies 77 7.3. Determining Allowable Area (IBC Section 506) 77 7.3.1. Calculating Frontage Increase 78 7.3.2. Allowable Area of Single-Occupancy and Nonseparated Mixed-Occupancy Buildings 80 7.3.3. Allowable Area of Separated Mixed-Occupancy Buildings 84 7.3.4. Unlimited Area Buildings (IBC Section 507) 88 7.4. Special Provisions (IBC Section 510) 88 7.5. Design Options 93 Step 8. CALCULATE OCCUPANT LOAD 99 8.1. Introduction to Occupant Loads 99 8.2. Calculating Occupant Loads 100 8.2.1. Calculating Occupant Loads for Mall Buildings 101 8.3. Organizing Occupant Load Data 104 Step 9. ESTABLISH POINTS OF EGRESS 106 9.1. Introduction to the Means of Egress System 106 9.2. Number of Egress Doors 107 9.2.1. Number of Doorways from Spaces 107 9.2.2. Number of Egress Points from Stories 107 9.2.2.1. One Exit from Stories of Group R-2 Dwelling Units IBC Table 1006.3.2(1) 108 9.2.2.2. One Exit from Stories of Other Occupancies IBC Table 1006.3.2(2) 108 9.2.2.3. One Exit for Mixed Occupancies 108 9.3. Separation of Exit and Exit Access Doorways 110 9.4. Door Operation 112 Step 10. CHECK EGRESS PATHWAYS 116 10.1. General Requirements 116 10.2. The Exit Access (IBC Section 1016) 118 10.2.1. Exit Access Travel Distance (IBC Section 1017) 119 10.2.2. Common Path of Egress Travel (IBC Section 1006) 123 10.2.3. Aisles (IBC Sections 1018 and 1029) 125 10.2.4. Exit Access Stairways and Ramps (IBC Section 1019) 127 10.2.5. Corridors (IBC Section 1020) 128 10.2.6. Egress Balconies (IBC Section 1021) 129 10.3. The Exit (IBC Section 1022) 130 10.3.1. Interior Exit Stairways and Ramps (IBC Section 1023) 130 10.3.2. Exit Passageways (IBC Section 1024) 131 10.3.3. Horizontal Exits (IBC Section 1026) 131 10.3.4. Exterior Exit Stairways and Ramps (IBC Section 1027) 133 10.4. The Exit Discharge (IBC Section 1028) 134 10.4.1. Egress Courts (IBC Section 1028.4) 134 10.5. Accessible Means of Egress (IBC Section 1009) 135 10.5.1. Stairways (IBC Section 1009.3) 135 10.5.2. Elevators (IBC Section 1009.4) 136 10.5.3. Areas of Refuge (IBC Section 1009.6) 136 10.5.4. Exterior Areas for Assisted Rescue (IBC Section 1009.7) 137 10.5.5. Platform Lifts (IBC Section 1009.5) 137 10.6. Minimum Egress Pathway Capacities 137 Step 11. DETERMINE FIXTURE COUNTS 142 11.1. Introduction to Plumbing Fixtures 142 11.1.1. Occupant Load for Plumbing Fixtures 143 11.1.2. Plumbing Fixture Access and Location 144 11.2. Basic Fixture Count Calculations 145 11.3. Fixture Count Calculations for Mixed Occupancies 147 11.4. Substitutions 148 11.5. Toilet Room Planning 149 Step 12. IDENTIFY FIRE DEPARTMENT ACCESS ROADS 153 12.1. Minimum Requirements 153 12.2. Access Road Design 155 Step 13. IDENTIFY ACCESSIBLE ROUTES AND REQUIREMENTS 158 13.1. Introduction to Accessibility in the Building Code 158 13.2. Scoping Requirements (IBC Section 1103) 160 13.3. Accessible Routes (IBC Section 1104 and ICC/ANSI A117.1 Chapters 4 and 5) 161 13.3.1. Technical Requirements for Accessible Routes 162 13.3.2. Technical Requirements for Accessible Site Elements 166 13.4. Dwelling and Sleeping Units (IBC Section 1107 and ICC/ANSI A117 1 Chapter 10) 166 13.5. Toilet and Bathing Facilities (IBC Section 1109.2 and ICC/ANSI A117.1 Chapter 6) 167 PART III Design Development 173 Step 14. CONFIRM STEPS 2 THROUGH 13 175 14.1. Review of Changes 175 14.2. Changes to Building Area and/or Height 176 14.3. Changes in Function and/or Size of Spaces 176 14.4. Changes in Building Structural Materials 178 14.5. Changes in Space Arrangement 178 14.6. Changes in Location on Site 179 Step 15. IDENTIFY LOCATIONS OF FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION, ASSEMBLIES, AND OPENINGS 186 15.1. Identifying Fire-Resistive Assemblies and Construction 186 15.1.1. Fire Walls 187 15.1.1.1. Fire Wall Horizontal Continuity 187 15.1.1.2. Fire Wall Vertical Continuity 191 15.1.2. Fire Barriers 193 15.1.3. Smoke Barriers 194 15.1.4. Fire Partitions 194 15.1.5. Smoke Partitions 196 15.1.6. Horizontal Assemblies 197 15.1.7. Primary Structural Frame and Bearing Wall Structure 198 15.2. Opening Protection 199 Step 16. DEVELOP EXTERIORWALL AND EXPOSED FLOOR ASSEMBLIES 208 16.1. ExteriorWall Fire Resistance and Opening Protection 208 16.2. Projections 213 16.3. Thermal Performance 213 16.3.1. Commercial Thermal Performance 214 16.3.1.1. R-Value Method (IECC Section C402.1.3) 215 16.3.1.2. U-Factor, C-Factor, and F-Factor Method (IECC Section C402.1.4) 215 16.3.1.3. Component Performance Alternative Method (IECC Section C402.1.5) 216 16.3.2. Residential Thermal Performance 216 16.3.2.1. R-Value Computation Method (IECC Section R402.1.3) 216 16.3.2.2. U-Factor Alternative Method (IECC Section R402.1.4) 217 16.3.2.3. Total UA Alternative Method (IECC Section R402.1.5) 218 16.4. Air and Water Management 218 16.4.1. Air Management 218 16.4.2. Water Management 219 16.4.2.1. Above-Grade Exterior Walls 219 16.4.2.2. BasementWalls 220 16.5. ExteriorWall Materials 220 16.6. Fire Propagation 221 Step 17. DEVELOP ROOF ASSEMBLIES 229 17.1. Roof Assembly Performance 229 17.1.1. Fire Classification and Resistance 230 17.1.2. Wind Resistance 230 17.1.3. Thermal Performance 231 17.1.3.1. Commercial Buildings 231 17.1.3.2. Residential Buildings 233 17.2. Roof Openings and Penetrations 234 17.2.1. Fire Resistance 234 17.2.2. Skylights 234 17.2.3. Roof Hatches 236 17.3. Rooftop Structures and Equipment 236 17.4. Roof Construction Materials 236 17.4.1. Roof Coverings 236 17.4.2. Underlayments 238 17.4.3. Insulation 238 17.4.4. Flashings 238 Step 18. SELECT FINISHES 242 18.1. Introduction to Finishes 242 18.2. Interior Wall and Ceiling Finishes 243 18.2.1. Flame and Smoke Performance 243 18.2.2. Sanitation 244 18.2.3. Moisture and Mold Resistance 244 18.3. Interior Floor Finishes 244 18.3.1. Flame and Smoke Performance 244 18.3.2. Sanitation 245 18.3.3. Slip Resistance 245 18.3.4. Firmness and Stability 246 18.4. Elevator Finishes 246 18.5. Decorations and Trim 246 Step 19. CHECK EGRESS WIDTHS 250 19.1. Calculation of Minimum Egress Width 250 19.1.1. ExitWidth from Buildings 253 19.1.2. ExitWidth from Stories 253 19.1.3. ExitWidth for Corridors 254 19.1.4. ExitWidth from Spaces 255 19.2. Calculation of Aisle and Aisle Accessway Widths 256 Step 20. CHECK ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS 264 20.1. Reach and Clearance Detail Requirements 264 20.2. Accessible Assembly Seating (IBC Section 1108.2 and ICC/ANSI A117.1 Section 802) 265 20.3. Kitchens (IBC Section 1109.4 and ICC/ANSI A117.1 Section 804) 267 20.4. Dwelling and Sleeping Units (ICC/ANSI A117.1 Chapter 10) 268 20.4.1. Toilet and Bathing Facilities in Dwelling and Sleeping Units 268 20.4.2. Kitchens in Dwelling and Sleeping Units 269 20.5. Recreational Facilities 269 Step 21. INTEGRATE SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 277 21.1. Special Uses and Occupancies 277 21.2. Sound Transmission 277 21.2.1. Airborne Sound Transmission 279 21.2.2. Structure-Borne Sound Transmission 279 21.3. Emergency Escape and Rescue 280 21.3.1. Minimum Size of Openings 280 21.3.2. Window Wells for Below-Grade Openings 280 21.4. Elevators and Conveying Systems 281 21.4.1. General Elevator Requirements 281 21.4.1.1. Pits and Clearances 283 21.4.1.2. Machine Rooms. 283 21.4.1.3. Elevator Lobbies and Hoistway Opening Protection 284 21.4.2. Fire Service Access Elevators (IBC Section 3007) 284 21.4.3. Occupant Evacuation Elevators (IBC Section 3008) 285 21.4.4. Conveying Systems Other Than Elevators 285 21.5. Flood-Resistant Design 286 21.6. Special Construction 287 PART IV Construction Documents 291 Step 22. CONFIRM STEPS 14 THROUGH 21 293 22.1. Review of Changes 293 22.2. Changes in Function and/or Size of Spaces 294 22.3. Changes in Space Arrangement 294 22.4. Changes in Building Structural Materials 294 22.5. Changes in Location on Site 295 22.6. Changes in Wall and Roof Assemblies 295 22.7. Changes in Interior Finish Materials 296 Step 23. INTEGRATE EGRESS DETAILS 297 23.1. Stairs, Ramps, Handrails, and Guards 297 23.1.1. Stairs (IBC Section 1011) 297 23.1.2. Ramps (IBC Section 1012) 298 23.1.3. Handrails (IBC Section 1014) 298 23.1.4. Guards (IBC Section 1015) 299 23.2. Unenclosed Exit Access Stairways and Ramps 299 23.3. Luminous Markings 300 Step 24. IDENTIFY LOCATIONS OF SAFETY GLAZING 304 24.1. Introduction to Safety Glazing 304 24.2. Human Impact Resistance 305 24.2.1. Glazing in Athletic Facilities 308 24.2.2. Glazing in Elevators 309 24.2.3. Wired Glass 309 24.3. Sloped Glazing Assemblies 310 Step 25. DETAIL FIRESTOPPING, FIRE-RESISTANT JOINTS, AND FIREPROOFING 311 25.1. Penetrations (IBC Section 714) 311 25.1.1. Penetrations in Fire-Resistance-RatedWalls (IBC Section 714.3) 312 25.1.2. Penetrations in Horizontal Assemblies (IBC Section 714.4) 313 25.2. Fire-Resistant Joint Systems (IBC Sections 715) 314 25.3. Fireproofing 315 25.4. Special Inspections (IBC Sections 1705.14, 1705.15, and 1705.17) 316 Step 26. LOCATE PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND CABINETS 318 26.1. Fire Extinguisher Requirements Overview (IBC Section 906) 318 26.2. Selection of Fire Extinguishers 319 26.3. Determining Number of Required Extinguishers 320 26.4. Location and Installation of Fire Extinguishers 320 Step 27. DETAIL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON SPECIFIC BUILDING MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT 327 27.1. Code Requirements for Specific Materials 327 27.1.1. Concrete 327 27.1.2. Masonry 328 27.1.3. Steel 329 27.1.4. Wood 330 27.1.5. Gypsum and Plaster 330 27.2. Accessibility Details 331 Step 28. PREPARE CODE INFORMATION FOR CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS 333 28.1. Submittal Documents Overview (IBC Section 107 and IECC Section C103) 333 28.2. Code Data on Construction Documents 335 28.2.1. Basic Code Data 336 28.2.2. Code Data on Drawings 337 28.2.3. Code Data in the Project Manual 338 PART V Existing Buildings 339 TYPES OF WORK 341 COMPLIANCE METHODS 342 Overview 342 Prescriptive Compliance Method 343 Additions 343 Alterations 343 Repairs 344 Fire Escapes 344 Glass and Window Replacement 344 Change of Occupancy 344 Historic Buildings 345 Other Requirements 345 Work Area Compliance Method 346 Performance Compliance Method 347 APPLYING THE STEP-BY-STEP PROCESS TO EXISTING BUILDINGS 349 Schematic Design 349 Design Development 351 Construction Documents 352 PART VI Code Enforcement 353 AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION 355 Statuatory AHJ 356 Contractual AHJ 356 THE DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SAFETY 357 The Building Official 358 Plans Examiners 358 Inspectors 359 PLAN REVIEWS 361 CODE ENFORCEMENT AND THE BUILDING CODE APPLICATION PROCESS 363 Appendix 365 A. ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMFOR PRIVATIZED STUDENT HOUSING 367 B. CODE DATA INFORMATION TEMPLATE 370 C. CODE DATA INFORMATION FOR EXAMPLE PROJECT 400 References 417 Index 421

Szczegóły: Applying the Building Code During Design - Ronald Geren

Tytuł: Applying the Building Code During Design
Autor: Ronald Geren
Wydawnictwo: John Wiley
ISBN: 9781118920756
Rok wydania: 2016
Ilość stron: 464
Oprawa: Miękka
Waga: 0.67 kg

Recenzje: Applying the Building Code During Design - Ronald Geren